Egypt

Semitic

Kush

Rulers were Semitic

Nok

From the Sahel (Closer to modern Berbers than Sub-Saharan Africans)

Carthage

Phoenician (aka Semitic)

Mali

Finally, an actual Sub-Saharan people. The Mali “empire” is mostly a leftist fanfic created by hack, left-wing “historians” who greatly exaggerated the grandeur of it. It was only an empire because it happened to sit on a fuckload of gold.

Most of the civilizations you mentioned are North African. North Africans are wholly genetically distinct from Sub-Saharan Africans. In fact, North Africans are genetically closer to Europeans than Sub-Saharans.

Egypt

Semitic

Kush

Rulers were Semitic

Nok

From the Sahel (Closer to modern Berbers than Sub-Saharan Africans)

Carthage

Phoenician (aka Semitic)

Mali

Finally, an actual Sub-Saharan people. The Mali “empire” is mostly a leftist fanfic created by hack, left-wing “historians” who greatly exaggerated grandeur of it. It was only an empire because it happened to sit on a fuckload of gold.

Most of the civilizations you mentioned are North African. North Africans are wholly genetically distinct from Sub-Saharan Africans. In fact, North Africans are genetically closer to Europeans than Sub-Saharans.